The Mayan Indians versus Indians

The Mayans The Mayan civilization inhabited a region encompassing southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Belize & western Honduras, and flourished between the third and tenth centuries AD, but by 1200 AD their society had collapsed for reasons we can only guess at. When the Spanish conquistadors arrived, descendants still occupied the area, and still spoke the Mayan language, but were unaware of the cities their forefathers had created.
It wasn't until the late 18th century that explorers first investigated the dense Guatemalan rain forest and came across plazas, monoliths, temples and pyramids, each decorated with pictures and hieroglyphs. The ancient Maya had been keeping historical records - using a script which mixed ideographic and phonetic elements. Some of their writing still exists on stone monuments that recount civil events and record their The First Age began with the creation of the Earth, and it had upon it vegetation and living beings. Unfortunately, because they lacked speech, the birds and animals were unable to pay homage to the gods and were destroyed. In the Second and Third Ages the gods created humans of mud and then wood, but these also failed to please and were wiped out. We are currently in the Fourth and Final Age, the age of the modern, fully functional human. Is it possible that these Ages referred to evolutionary change? If they did, then what might occur when the current age finishes on December 21, 2012?

The Long Count Calendar of the Ancient Mayans ends on Dec 21 2012. There isn't much information regarding what the Mayans thought would occur in 2012, but the consensus of opinion is that there will be great change. To some people this means a positive, spiritual change. Others, consider that a catastrophic event may have been predicted and it may be the end of life on Earth.I will go by the interpretation that something good & positive will happen.


Indians

The take on the end of the world as per the Aryans of India is totally different. The Aryans who inhabited India at that time had a fairly advanced system of a sense of time. Their knowledge of cosmology was also very impressive . Details of their units of time and knowledge of cosmology are given in succeeding paragraphs.

Time
• 18 Nimesas (wink) = 1 Kastha (3 1/2 secs.)
• 30 Kastha = 1 Kala (1 3/5 minutes).
• 15 kalas = 1 Nadika or Nalika (24 Minutes.)
• 30 Kalas or 2 Nadikas - 1 Muhurata or Kasna (48 Minutes.)
• 30 Muhuratas = 1 aho-ratri (1 day and night = 24 hours.)


• The Planets and Stars As per Rig Veda, the heaven was divided into 27 Nakshatras based on the position of moon. The full cycle of moon was divided into 27 1/2 days and later this was corrected by adding another nakshatra. The 28 Nakshatras were Ashwini, Bharani, Krattka, Rohini, Mragasiras, Ardra, Punarvasu, Pusya, Asleesa, Magha, Purva-Phalguni, Uttara-Phalguni, Hastha, Chitra, Swati, Vishaka, Annuradha, Jyestha, Maula, Purvasadha, Uttarasadha, abhijeet, Sharvana, Dhanishta or Sravistha, satabishaj, Purva-bhadrapadda and Uttara- Bhadrapadda.
• The seven planets which could be seen by naked eyes were named Surya (Sun), Chandra (Moon), Budha (Mercury),Shukra (Venus), Mangal (Mars), Brahspati (Jupitar), and Shani (Saturn). Two planets which though could not be see by the naked eyes were called Rahu and Ketu. So way back , much before the invention of the telescope, the Indian astronomers knew that there were nine planets.


The Indian Calendar.
• The Indian calendar is of 29.5 days. The month sis divided into two halves called Paksha of 15 Thithees (Lunar days) each. The first half beginning with full moon and was called Purnimavasya and the second half beginning with new moon was called Amavashya or Bahaulvashya. The fortnight beginning with the new moon was called Shuklpaksha and the dark half is called Krishnapaksha. The calandar normally consists of 12 lunar months. This makes only 354 days, thus to cater for the difference with a solar year, a thirteenth month was added to the calendar after each 30 lunar months. This leap month was called Dvitiya Asadha or DvitiyaSravanna. It was added after asadha or sravanna month. Thus each second or third year had thirteen months. The Indian calendar is one of the most accurate calendars in the world.

• Indian Months These are Chaitra (March - April), Vaishakh (April - May), Jyaistha (May - June), Ashadh (June - July), Sharavan (July - August), Bhadrapada or Parusthapada (August - September), Ashivan or Asvayuja (September - October), Kartikka (October - November), Margasirsha or Agrahayana (November - December), Pausa or Taisa (December - January), Magha (January-February), and Phalgun (February - March). However during Vedic times the months were called Madhu, Madhava, Shukra, Suchi, Nabhas, Nabhasya, Isa, Urja, Sahas, Tapas and Tapashya.


• Indian Seasons A group of two months was called Ritu. The six seasons were Vasantha ( Spring, March - May), Grishma (Summers, May - July), Varsha (Rains, July - September), Sarad (Autumn, September - November), Hemantha (Winters, November - January),and Sishir (Cool season, January - March.)


• Cosmology and Cosmic Time According to ancient Indian scriptures cosmos passes through cycles of time within cycles of time for all eternity; over an enormous period of time called Mahakalpa. During cycle of time the cosmos evolves and declines and again evolves only to decline once again. This cycle is divided into four periods Ashankyeya .

o The basic cycle or the cosmic day is called Kalpa i.e ' Day of Brahma' which is equal to 4320 million earthly years. His night is equal to the day, 360 such days and nights of Brahma are equal to "One year of Brahma". The life of each Brahma is 100 such years, thus as per the Hindu's, the life of the Universe is 311,040,000 million years. After this another great Brahma takes birth.
o In each cosmic day or Kalpa the Brahma creates the Universe and gathers it in his lap at night.
o Each Kalpa has 14 Manvantras or secondary cosmic cycles of 306,720,000 earth years.
o In each of this secondary cosmic cycles one new Manu appears.
o We are now in the 7th Manavantra of the Kalpa or the cosmic cycle. The present Manu is called Vaivasvata.
o Each Manvantra contains 71 Mahayugs (1000 Mahayugs make one Kalpa.)
o Each Mahayug has four yugs called Karta, Treta, Dwapar and Kalyug. The duration of each of these is 4800, 3600, 2400 and 1200 years of GOD (One year of God = 360 human years.)
o We are in the Kalyug which started in 3120 BC i.e when the Mahabharat war started. The present Kalyug will finish in 428880 AD Thereafter the universe will again have a change over of command. ( The end of the world , therefore, is very long way off, so do not get unduly worried about the Mayan Calendar about the earth Coming to an end in 2012 AD)